198 lines
7.1 KiB
Python
198 lines
7.1 KiB
Python
"""
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设备扫描工具 - 通过唯一标识符而非索引来识别设备
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解决重启后设备序号混乱的问题
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"""
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import cv2
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import serial.tools.list_ports
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import warnings
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import sys
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import io
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from typing import List, Dict, Optional
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def get_camera_info(cam_index: int) -> Optional[Dict]:
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"""
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获取采集卡的详细信息（包括设备名称）
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:param cam_index: 采集卡索引
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:return: 包含设备信息的字典，如果失败返回None
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"""
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old_stderr = sys.stderr
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suppressed_output = io.StringIO()
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try:
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sys.stderr = suppressed_output
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with warnings.catch_warnings():
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warnings.filterwarnings('ignore')
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# 尝试多种后端
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backends = [
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(cam_index, cv2.CAP_DSHOW),
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(cam_index, cv2.CAP_ANY),
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(cam_index, None),
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]
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cap = None
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for idx, backend in backends:
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try:
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if backend is not None:
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cap = cv2.VideoCapture(idx, backend)
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else:
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cap = cv2.VideoCapture(idx)
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if cap.isOpened():
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ret, frame = cap.read()
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if ret and frame is not None:
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# 尝试获取设备名称（不同后端可能支持不同）
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device_name = None
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backend_name = None
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if backend == cv2.CAP_DSHOW:
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backend_name = "DirectShow"
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# DirectShow可能支持获取设备名称
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try:
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# 某些情况下可以通过属性获取
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pass # OpenCV限制，无法直接获取设备名称
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except:
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pass
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elif backend == cv2.CAP_ANY:
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backend_name = "Any"
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else:
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backend_name = "Default"
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# 获取分辨率信息作为辅助标识
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width = int(cap.get(cv2.CAP_PROP_FRAME_WIDTH))
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height = int(cap.get(cv2.CAP_PROP_FRAME_HEIGHT))
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cap.release()
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return {
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'index': cam_index,
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'backend': backend_name,
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'width': width,
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'height': height,
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'name': f"采集卡-{cam_index}",
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'available': True
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}
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else:
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if cap:
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cap.release()
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cap = None
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except Exception:
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if cap:
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try:
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cap.release()
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except:
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pass
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cap = None
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continue
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return None
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finally:
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sys.stderr = old_stderr
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def scan_cameras_with_info(max_index: int = 10) -> List[Dict]:
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"""
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扫描所有可用采集卡，返回详细信息列表
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:param max_index: 最大扫描索引
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:return: 采集卡信息列表
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"""
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cameras = []
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for i in range(max_index + 1):
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info = get_camera_info(i)
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if info:
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cameras.append(info)
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return cameras
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def get_serial_port_info(port_name: str) -> Optional[Dict]:
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"""
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获取串口的详细信息（包括硬件ID和描述）
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:param port_name: 串口名称（如 "COM3"）
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:return: 包含串口信息的字典
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"""
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try:
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ports = serial.tools.list_ports.comports()
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for port in ports:
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if port.device == port_name:
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return {
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'device': port.device,
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'description': port.description,
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'hwid': port.hwid, # 硬件ID（唯一标识）
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'vid': port.vid if hasattr(port, 'vid') else None,
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'pid': port.pid if hasattr(port, 'pid') else None,
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'serial_number': port.serial_number if hasattr(port, 'serial_number') else None,
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'manufacturer': port.manufacturer if hasattr(port, 'manufacturer') else None,
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'name': port.description or port.device
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}
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except Exception as e:
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print(f"⚠️ 获取串口信息失败: {e}")
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return None
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def scan_serial_ports_with_info() -> List[Dict]:
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"""
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扫描所有可用串口，返回详细信息列表
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:return: 串口信息列表
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"""
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ports_info = []
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try:
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ports = serial.tools.list_ports.comports()
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for port in ports:
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info = {
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'device': port.device,
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'description': port.description,
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'hwid': port.hwid,
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'vid': port.vid if hasattr(port, 'vid') else None,
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'pid': port.pid if hasattr(port, 'pid') else None,
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'serial_number': port.serial_number if hasattr(port, 'serial_number') else None,
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'manufacturer': port.manufacturer if hasattr(port, 'manufacturer') else None,
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'name': port.description or port.device
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}
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ports_info.append(info)
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except Exception as e:
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print(f"⚠️ 扫描串口失败: {e}")
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# 按设备名排序
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ports_info.sort(key=lambda x: int(x['device'].replace('COM', '')) if x['device'].replace('COM', '').isdigit() else 999)
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return ports_info
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def find_camera_by_index(cameras: List[Dict], index: int) -> Optional[Dict]:
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"""通过索引查找采集卡"""
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for cam in cameras:
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if cam['index'] == index:
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return cam
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return None
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def find_serial_by_hwid(ports: List[Dict], hwid: str) -> Optional[Dict]:
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"""通过硬件ID查找串口（最可靠）"""
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for port in ports:
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if port['hwid'] == hwid:
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return port
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return None
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def find_serial_by_device(ports: List[Dict], device: str) -> Optional[Dict]:
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"""通过设备名查找串口（兼容旧配置）"""
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for port in ports:
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if port['device'] == device:
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return port
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return None
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if __name__ == "__main__":
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# 测试代码
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print("=" * 60)
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print("采集卡扫描:")
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print("=" * 60)
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cameras = scan_cameras_with_info()
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for cam in cameras:
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print(f" 索引 {cam['index']}: {cam['name']} ({cam['width']}x{cam['height']})")
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print("\n" + "=" * 60)
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print("串口扫描:")
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print("=" * 60)
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ports = scan_serial_ports_with_info()
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for port in ports:
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print(f" {port['device']}: {port['name']}")
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print(f" 硬件ID: {port['hwid']}")
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if port['vid'] and port['pid']:
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print(f" VID/PID: {port['vid']:04X}/{port['pid']:04X}")
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