Merge remote-tracking branch 'origin/ui' into ui

# Conflicts:
#	preview.py

config.json

@@ -2,12 +2,22 @@
     "groups": [
         {
             "name": "配置组1",
-            "serial_port": "COM6",
+            "serial_port": "COM10",
             "serial_baudrate": 9600,
             "camera_index": 0,
             "camera_width": 1920,
             "camera_height": 1080,
             "move_velocity": 470,
+            "active": false
+        },
+        {
+            "name": "火炬游戏",
+            "serial_port": "COM11",
+            "serial_baudrate": 9600,
+            "camera_index": 1,
+            "camera_width": 1920,
+            "camera_height": 1080,
+            "move_velocity": 470,
             "active": true
         }
     ],
@@ -16,7 +26,8 @@
         "preview_height": 700,
         "preview_columns": 2,
         "preview_rows": 2,
-        "show_preview": true
+        "show_preview": true,
+        "preview_multi_window": false,
+        "preview_use_all_groups": true
     }
-}
-
+}

config.py

@@ -23,7 +23,9 @@ class ConfigManager:
                 "preview_height": 700,
                 "preview_columns": 2,
                 "preview_rows": 2,
-                "show_preview": True
+                "show_preview": True,
+                "preview_multi_window": False,
+                "preview_use_all_groups": True
             }
         }
         self.config = self.load_config()

gui_config.py

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ class ConfigGUI:
         self.root.minsize(900, 600)  # 设置最小尺寸
         
         self.selected_index = 0
+        self.preview_thread = None  # 添加预览线程引用
         self.setup_ui()
         self.load_current_config()
     
@@ -96,6 +97,24 @@ class ConfigGUI:
         self.create_entry(preview_frame, "preview_height", "预览高度:", prefix="display")
         self.create_entry(preview_frame, "preview_columns", "预览列数:", prefix="display")
         self.create_entry(preview_frame, "preview_rows", "预览行数:", prefix="display")
+
+        # 多窗口预览开关
+        multi_row = ttk.Frame(preview_frame)
+        multi_row.pack(fill=tk.X, pady=3)
+        ttk.Label(multi_row, text="多窗口预览:", width=15).pack(side=tk.LEFT)
+        self.preview_multi_window_var = tk.BooleanVar(value=False)
+        multi_cb = ttk.Checkbutton(multi_row, variable=self.preview_multi_window_var)
+        multi_cb.pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=5)
+        self.config_vars["display_preview_multi_window"] = self.preview_multi_window_var
+
+        # 预览全部配置组开关
+        all_row = ttk.Frame(preview_frame)
+        all_row.pack(fill=tk.X, pady=3)
+        ttk.Label(all_row, text="预览全部配置组:", width=15).pack(side=tk.LEFT)
+        self.preview_use_all_groups_var = tk.BooleanVar(value=True)
+        all_cb = ttk.Checkbutton(all_row, variable=self.preview_use_all_groups_var)
+        all_cb.pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=5)
+        self.config_vars["display_preview_use_all_groups"] = self.preview_use_all_groups_var
         
         # 保存按钮
         save_frame = ttk.Frame(right_frame)
@@ -145,6 +164,12 @@ class ConfigGUI:
         for key in ['preview_width', 'preview_height', 'preview_columns', 'preview_rows']:
             if key in display:
                 self.config_vars[f"display_{key}"].set(str(display[key]))
+        # 多窗口预览
+        if 'preview_multi_window' in display:
+            self.preview_multi_window_var.set(bool(display['preview_multi_window']))
+        # 预览全部配置组
+        if 'preview_use_all_groups' in display:
+            self.preview_use_all_groups_var.set(bool(display['preview_use_all_groups']))
         # 初次自动扫描一次采集卡和串口
         try:
             self.scan_cameras()
@@ -384,6 +409,10 @@ class ConfigGUI:
                     display[key] = int(var.get())
                 except:
                     pass
+        # 保存多窗口预览布尔值
+        display['preview_multi_window'] = bool(self.preview_multi_window_var.get())
+        # 保存预览全部配置组布尔值
+        display['preview_use_all_groups'] = bool(self.preview_use_all_groups_var.get())
         config_manager.config['display'] = display
         
         # 保存到文件
@@ -397,20 +426,13 @@ class ConfigGUI:
             return False
     
     def start_preview(self):
-        """启动预览窗口"""
-        # 保存配置（不显示消息框，静默保存）
+        """启动预览窗口（主线程，弹窗模式）"""
         if not self.save_config_silent():
             messagebox.showerror("错误", "配置保存失败，无法启动预览")
             return
-        
-        # 重新加载配置（从文件读取最新配置）
         config_manager.load_config()
-        
-        # 启动预览窗口
         from preview import PreviewWindow
-        preview_thread = threading.Thread(target=lambda: PreviewWindow().run())
-        preview_thread.daemon = True
-        preview_thread.start()
+        PreviewWindow().run(self.root)  # 以主窗口为父Toplevel弹出独立预览窗
     
     def save_config_silent(self):
         """静默保存配置（不显示消息框）"""
@@ -462,6 +484,10 @@ class ConfigGUI:
                     display[key] = int(var.get())
                 except:
                     pass
+        # 保存多窗口预览布尔值（静默）
+        display['preview_multi_window'] = bool(self.preview_multi_window_var.get())
+        # 保存预览全部配置组布尔值（静默）
+        display['preview_use_all_groups'] = bool(self.preview_use_all_groups_var.get())
         config_manager.config['display'] = display
         
         # 保存到文件

main.py

@@ -252,7 +252,7 @@ while True:
         time.sleep(0.8)
         mouse_gui.send_data_absolute(left + 706, top + 454, may=1)
         continue
-    elif panduan:  # 图内情况
+    elif panduan:  # 图内情况   
         print("在图内")
         if shizi.shuzi(im_opencv[0]):
             boss_pd = True
@@ -260,15 +260,9 @@ while True:
         if shizi.fuhuo(im_opencv[0]):
             print('点击复活')
             mouse_gui.send_data_absolute(left + 536, top + 627, may=1)
-            mouse_gui.send_data_absolute(rw[0], rw[1], may=0)
-            continue
-        if detections['zhaozi'] is not None:
-            move_to(rw, detections['zhaozi'])
-            continue
-        if len(detections['daojv']) != 0:
-            move_to(rw, process_points(detections['daojv']))
-            for i in range(3 + len(detections['daojv'])):
-                keyboard.send_data("AA")
+            
+
+               
                 time.sleep(0.15)
                 keyboard.release()
             continue

main_multi.py

@@ -6,6 +6,10 @@ import multiprocessing
 import sys
 from config import config_manager
 from main_single import run_automation_for_group
+from utils.logger import logger, throttle
+import logging
+import time
+
 
 def main():
     """主函数"""
@@ -16,44 +20,44 @@ def main():
     groups = config_manager.config.get('groups', [])
     
     if not groups:
-        print("❌ 没有找到任何配置组")
-        print("请先运行 gui_config.py 创建配置组")
+        logger.error("❌ 没有找到任何配置组")
+        logger.info("请先运行 gui_config.py 创建配置组")
         return
     
     # 询问要启动哪些配置组
-    print("=" * 60)
-    print("🔥 多配置组启动器")
-    print("=" * 60)
-    print("\n可用配置组:")
+    logger.info("=" * 60)
+    logger.info("🔥 多配置组启动器")
+    logger.info("=" * 60)
+    logger.info("\n可用配置组:")
     for i, group in enumerate(groups):
         active_mark = "✓" if group.get('active', False) else " "
-        print(f"  [{i}] {active_mark} {group['name']}")
-        print(f"      串口: {group['serial_port']} | 采集卡: {group['camera_index']}")
+        logger.info(f"  [{i}] {active_mark} {group['name']}")
+        logger.info(f"      串口: {group['serial_port']} | 采集卡: {group['camera_index']}")
     
-    print("\n选择启动方式:")
-    print("  1. 启动所有活动配置组")
-    print("  2. 启动所有配置组")
-    print("  3. 选择特定配置组")
-    print("  0. 退出")
+    logger.info("\n选择启动方式:")
+    logger.info("  1. 启动所有活动配置组")
+    logger.info("  2. 启动所有配置组")
+    logger.info("  3. 选择特定配置组")
+    logger.info("  0. 退出")
     
     choice = input("\n请选择 (0-3): ").strip()
     
     selected_indices = []
     
     if choice == "0":
-        print("👋 退出")
+        logger.info("👋 退出")
         return
     elif choice == "1":
         # 启动所有活动配置组
         selected_indices = [i for i, g in enumerate(groups) if g.get('active', False)]
         if not selected_indices:
-            print("❌ 没有活动的配置组")
+            logger.error("❌ 没有活动的配置组")
             return
-        print(f"\n✅ 将启动 {len(selected_indices)} 个活动配置组")
+        logger.info(f"\n✅ 将启动 {len(selected_indices)} 个活动配置组")
     elif choice == "2":
         # 启动所有配置组
         selected_indices = list(range(len(groups)))
-        print(f"\n✅ 将启动所有 {len(selected_indices)} 个配置组")
+        logger.info(f"\n✅ 将启动所有 {len(selected_indices)} 个配置组")
     elif choice == "3":
         # 选择特定配置组
         indices_input = input("请输入要启动的配置组索引(用逗号分隔,如: 0,1,2): ").strip()
@@ -62,34 +66,33 @@ def main():
             # 验证索引有效性
             selected_indices = [i for i in selected_indices if 0 <= i < len(groups)]
             if not selected_indices:
-                print("❌ 没有有效的配置组索引")
+                logger.error("❌ 没有有效的配置组索引")
                 return
-            print(f"\n✅ 将启动 {len(selected_indices)} 个配置组")
+            logger.info(f"\n✅ 将启动 {len(selected_indices)} 个配置组")
         except ValueError:
-            print("❌ 输入格式错误")
+            logger.error("❌ 输入格式错误")
             return
     else:
-        print("❌ 无效选择")
+        logger.error("❌ 无效选择")
         return
     
     # 显示将要启动的配置组
-    print("\n将要启动的配置组:")
+    logger.info("\n将要启动的配置组:")
     for idx in selected_indices:
         group = groups[idx]
-        print(f"  • {group['name']} (串口:{group['serial_port']}, 采集卡:{group['camera_index']})")
+        logger.info(f"  • {group['name']} (串口:{group['serial_port']}, 采集卡:{group['camera_index']})")
     
     confirm = input("\n确认启动? (y/n): ").strip().lower()
     if confirm != 'y':
-        print("❌ 取消启动")
+        logger.info("❌ 取消启动")
         return
     
     # 启动多进程
-    print("\n🚀 开始启动多个配置组...")
     processes = []
     
     for idx in selected_indices:
         group = groups[idx]
-        print(f"启动进程: {group['name']}...")
+        logger.info(f"启动进程: {group['name']}...")
         process = multiprocessing.Process(
             target=run_automation_for_group,
             args=(idx,),
@@ -97,12 +100,12 @@ def main():
         )
         process.start()
         processes.append((idx, group['name'], process))
-        print(f"✅ {group['name']} 已启动 (PID: {process.pid})")
+        logger.info(f"✅ {group['name']} 已启动 (PID: {process.pid})")
     
-    print(f"\n✅ 成功启动 {len(processes)} 个配置组进程")
-    print("\n" + "=" * 60)
-    print("运行状态:")
-    print("=" * 60)
+    logger.info(f"\n✅ 成功启动 {len(processes)} 个配置组进程")
+    logger.info("\n" + "=" * 60)
+    logger.info("运行状态:")
+    logger.info("=" * 60)
     
     # 监控进程状态
     try:
@@ -112,32 +115,32 @@ def main():
                 if proc.is_alive():
                     alive_count += 1
                 else:
-                    print(f"⚠️ {name} 进程已退出 (退出码: {proc.exitcode})")
+                    logger.warning(f"⚠️ {name} 进程已退出 (退出码: {proc.exitcode})")
             
             if alive_count == 0:
-                print("\n所有进程已退出")
+                logger.info("\n所有进程已退出")
                 break
             
-            import time
             time.sleep(2)
             
             # 打印存活状态
             alive_names = [name for idx, name, proc in processes if proc.is_alive()]
             if alive_names:
-                print(f"\r📊 运行中: {', '.join(alive_names)} ({alive_count}/{len(processes)})", end='', flush=True)
+                # 每2秒节流一次状态行
+                throttle("multi_alive", 2.0, logging.INFO, f"📊 运行中: {', '.join(alive_names)} ({alive_count}/{len(processes)})")
                 
     except KeyboardInterrupt:
-        print("\n\n🛑 收到停止信号，正在关闭所有进程...")
+        logger.warning("\n\n🛑 收到停止信号，正在关闭所有进程...")
         for idx, name, proc in processes:
             if proc.is_alive():
-                print(f"正在停止 {name}...")
+                logger.info(f"正在停止 {name}...")
                 proc.terminate()
                 proc.join(timeout=5)
                 if proc.is_alive():
-                    print(f"强制停止 {name}...")
+                    logger.warning(f"强制停止 {name}...")
                     proc.kill()
-                print(f"✅ {name} 已停止")
-        print("\n👋 所有进程已停止")
+                logger.info(f"✅ {name} 已停止")
+        logger.info("\n👋 所有进程已停止")
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":
     multiprocessing.freeze_support()  # Windows下需要

preview.py

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ from config import config_manager
 # 抑制OpenCV的警告信息（兼容不同版本）
 import sys
 import io
+import time as _time
 
 os.environ['OPENCV_LOG_LEVEL'] = 'SILENT'
 os.environ['OPENCV_IO_ENABLE_OPENEXR'] = '0'
@@ -26,13 +27,25 @@ try:
 except Exception:
     pass
 
+# 简单日志限流
+_last_log_times = {}
+def log_throttle(key: str, interval_sec: float, text: str):
+    now = _time.time()
+    last = _last_log_times.get(key, 0)
+    if now - last >= interval_sec:
+        _last_log_times[key] = now
+        try:
+            print(text)
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+
 class PreviewWindow:
     """采集卡预览窗口"""
     def __init__(self):
         self.config = config_manager.config
         self.caps = {}
         self.frames = {}
-        self.large_window = None
+        self.large_windows = {}  # idx -> Toplevel
         self.running = True
         
     def init_cameras(self):
@@ -40,11 +53,17 @@ class PreviewWindow:
         print("🔧 开始初始化采集卡...")
         loaded_count = 0
         
-        # 如果没有活动配置，加载所有配置
-        active_groups = [g for g in self.config['groups'] if g.get('active', True)]
-        if not active_groups:
-            print("⚠️ 没有活动的配置组，将尝试加载所有配置组")
-            active_groups = self.config['groups']
+        # 根据配置选择加载哪些组
+        display = self.config.get('display', {})
+        use_all = bool(display.get('preview_use_all_groups', True))
+        if use_all:
+            target_groups = self.config['groups']
+            print(f"📷 预览全部配置组，共 {len(target_groups)} 组")
+        else:
+            target_groups = [g for g in self.config['groups'] if g.get('active', False)]
+            print(f"📷 仅预览活动配置组，共 {len(target_groups)} 组")
+            if not target_groups:
+                print("⚠️ 没有活动的配置组，将不显示任何采集卡。可在配置中启用‘预览全部配置组’或设置活动组")
         
         # 重定向stderr来抑制OpenCV的错误输出
         old_stderr = sys.stderr
@@ -53,7 +72,7 @@ class PreviewWindow:
         try:
             sys.stderr = suppressed_output
             
-            for i, group in enumerate(active_groups):
+            for i, group in enumerate(target_groups):
                 try:
                     cam_idx = group['camera_index']
                     print(f"  尝试打开采集卡 {cam_idx} ({group['name']})...")
@@ -125,18 +144,43 @@ class PreviewWindow:
         else:
             print(f"✅ 成功加载 {loaded_count} 个采集卡")
     
+    def grab_once(self):
+        """抓取每個采集卡當前單幀（裁剪後，存入 self.frames），抓取结果增强debug输出"""
+        for idx, data in self.caps.items():
+            try:
+                cap = data['cap']
+                frm_name = data.get('name', str(idx))
+                if cap is None:
+                    print(f"[抓取] 采集卡{idx}({frm_name}) cap为None")
+                    self.frames[idx] = None
+                    continue
+                ret, frame = cap.read()
+                if not ret or frame is None:
+                    print(f"[抓取] 采集卡{idx}({frm_name}) 没抓到帧 ret={ret} frame=None")
+                    self.frames[idx] = None
+                    continue
+                height, width = frame.shape[:2]
+                crop_top = 30
+                crop_bottom = min(crop_top + 720, height)
+                crop_width = min(1280, width)
+                if crop_bottom <= crop_top or crop_width <= 0:
+                    print(f"[抓取] 采集卡{idx}({frm_name}) 尺寸异常: H={height} W={width} 裁剪失败")
+                    self.frames[idx] = None
+                    continue
+                frame = frame[crop_top:crop_bottom, 0:crop_width]
+                # 额外检查：像素全黑？
+                if np.mean(frame) < 3:
+                    print(f"[抓取] 采集卡{idx}({frm_name}) 帧抓到但内容接近全黑 shape={frame.shape}")
+                else:
+                    print(f"[抓取] 采集卡{idx}({frm_name}) 成功 shape={frame.shape} 类型={frame.dtype}")
+                self.frames[idx] = frame
+            except Exception as e:
+                print(f"[抓取] 采集卡{idx}({data.get('name', str(idx))}) 抓取异常: {e}")
+                self.frames[idx] = None
+    
     def capture_frames(self):
-        """每5秒截取一张图"""
-        import time
-        first_capture = True  # 第一次立即截取
+        """捕获帧"""
         while self.running:
-            if first_capture:
-                first_capture = False
-                # 第一次立即截取，不等待
-                pass
-            else:
-                # 之后每5秒截取一次
-                time.sleep(5.0)
             for idx, data in self.caps.items():
                 try:
                     ret, frame = data['cap'].read()
@@ -154,68 +198,50 @@ class PreviewWindow:
                             # 转换颜色空间
                             frame_rgb = cv2.cvtColor(frame, cv2.COLOR_BGR2RGB)
                             self.frames[idx] = frame_rgb
-                            print(f"📸 采集卡 {idx} 截图已更新")
                         else:
                             print(f"⚠️ 采集卡 {idx} 裁剪参数无效")
                     else:
                         # 读取失败，清除旧帧
                         if idx in self.frames:
                             self.frames[idx] = None
-                            print(f"⚠️ 采集卡 {idx} 读取失败")
                 except Exception as e:
                     print(f"捕获帧 {idx} 错误: {e}")
                     import traceback
                     traceback.print_exc()
+            
+            import time
+            time.sleep(0.01)  # 避免CPU占用过高
     
-    def create_grid_window(self):
-        """创建网格窗口"""
-        # 重新加载配置，确保获取最新值
-        config_manager.load_config()
-        self.config = config_manager.config
-        
-        # 获取显示配置
+    def create_grid_window(self, master=None):
+        """创建网格窗口，可挂载在主Tk下作为Toplevel弹窗"""
         display = self.config.get('display', {})
         preview_width = display.get('preview_width', 1000)
         preview_height = display.get('preview_height', 700)
         columns = display.get('preview_columns', 2)
         rows = display.get('preview_rows', 2)
-        
-        # 验证配置值是否有效（防止读取到无效的小值）
-        if preview_width < 100 or preview_height < 100:
-            print(f"⚠️ 警告: 配置中的预览尺寸无效 ({preview_width}x{preview_height})，使用默认值")
-            preview_width = 1000
-            preview_height = 700
-        
-        if columns < 1 or columns > 10:
-            columns = 2
-        if rows < 1 or rows > 10:
-            rows = 2
-        
-        # 调试输出配置值
-        print(f"📐 预览窗口配置: {preview_width}x{preview_height}, 网格: {columns}x{rows}")
-        
-        root = tk.Tk()
-        root.title("采集卡预览（每5秒更新）- 点击放大")
+
+        if master is not None:
+            root = tk.Toplevel(master)
+        else:
+            root = tk.Tk()
+        root.title("采集卡预览 - 点击放大")
         root.geometry(f"{preview_width}x{preview_height}")
-        root.update_idletasks()  # 立即更新窗口尺寸
+        root.update_idletasks()
         
         canvas = Canvas(root, bg='black', width=preview_width, height=preview_height)
         canvas.pack(fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True)
         
-        # 存储图像对象（使用列表保存所有PhotoImage引用，防止GC）
-        self.photo_objects_list = []
-        self.photo_objects = {}  # 按索引映射
-        self.canvas_image_items = {}  # 保存canvas中的图像项ID，用于更新而不是删除重建
+        # 存储图像对象
+        self.photo_objects = {}
         
         # 用于控制调试输出（只打印前几次）
         self.debug_count = 0
         
         def update_frames_once():
-            """在主线程中更新一帧（使用after循环）"""
+            """在主线程中每5秒刷新画面（直接显示高频采集线程生成的帧，去除grab_once）"""
             if not self.running:
                 return
             try:
-                # 如果没有加载任何采集卡，显示提示
                 if not self.caps:
                     canvas.delete("all")
                     canvas.create_text(
@@ -226,30 +252,13 @@ class PreviewWindow:
                         font=('Arial', 14),
                         justify=tk.CENTER
                     )
-                    root.after(33, update_frames_once)
+                    root.after(5000, update_frames_once)
                     return
 
-                # 重新读取配置，确保获取最新值（修复配置读取问题）
-                config_manager.load_config()
-                display = config_manager.config.get('display', {})
-                current_preview_width = display.get('preview_width', 1000)
-                current_preview_height = display.get('preview_height', 700)
-                current_columns = display.get('preview_columns', 2)
-                current_rows = display.get('preview_rows', 2)
-                
-                # 验证配置值是否有效
-                if current_preview_width < 100 or current_preview_height < 100:
-                    current_preview_width = 1000
-                    current_preview_height = 700
-                if current_columns < 1 or current_columns > 10:
-                    current_columns = 2
-                if current_rows < 1 or current_rows > 10:
-                    current_rows = 2
-
                 # 计算每个预览窗口的位置和大小
-                # 直接使用配置值作为画布尺寸
-                canvas_width = current_preview_width
-                canvas_height = current_preview_height
+                # 直接使用配置值作为画布尺寸（macOS上窗口尺寸可能在显示前返回默认值）
+                canvas_width = preview_width
+                canvas_height = preview_height
                 
                 # 尝试获取实际的窗口尺寸，如果有效则使用（大于配置值说明可能被手动调整了）
                 try:
@@ -264,222 +273,119 @@ class PreviewWindow:
                 except:
                     pass  # 如果获取失败，使用配置值
                 
-                cell_width = max(10, canvas_width // current_columns)
-                cell_height = max(10, canvas_height // current_rows)
+                cell_width = max(10, canvas_width // columns)
+                cell_height = max(10, canvas_height // rows)
 
                 # 先收集所有需要显示的图像
                 images_to_draw = []
                 texts_to_draw = []
                 frame_idx = 0
                 
-                # 确保至少有一些采集卡数据
-                if not self.caps:
-                    texts_to_draw.append((canvas_width // 2, canvas_height // 2, "未找到采集卡", 'red'))
-                
                 for idx in self.caps.keys():
-                    row = frame_idx // current_columns
-                    col = frame_idx % current_columns
+                    frame = self.frames.get(idx)
+                    has_frame = frame is not None
+                    print(f'[DEBUG] update UI idx={idx}, has_frame={has_frame}, frame_info={getattr(frame, "shape", None)}')
+                    name = self.caps[idx]['name']
+                    row = frame_idx // columns
+                    col = frame_idx % columns
                     x = col * cell_width
                     y = row * cell_height
                     center_x = x + cell_width // 2
                     center_y = y + cell_height // 2
-                    name = self.caps[idx]['name']
-                    
-                    # 检查帧数据
-                    has_frame = idx in self.frames and self.frames[idx] is not None
-                    
-                    if has_frame:
-                        # 调整图像大小
+                    # 如果没拿到frame，临时主动再抓一次，并DEBUG
+                    if not has_frame:
+                        print(f'[DEBUG] UI未获得frame，尝试临时抓取采集卡{idx}...')
+                        try:
+                            cap_test = self.caps[idx]['cap']
+                            ret, fr2 = cap_test.read()
+                            print(f'[DEBUG] 临时抓取ret={ret}, shape={getattr(fr2, "shape", None)}')
+                            if ret and fr2 is not None:
+                                frame = fr2
+                                has_frame = True
+                            else:
+                                frame = None
+                                has_frame = False
+                        except Exception as e:
+                            print(f'[DEBUG] 临时抓取异常：{e}')
+                            frame = None
+                            has_frame = False
+                    if has_frame:
                         try:
-                            frame = self.frames[idx]
                             h, w = frame.shape[:2]
-                            
-                            # 确保尺寸有效
                             if w <= 0 or h <= 0:
-                                texts_to_draw.append((center_x, center_y, f"{name}\n尺寸无效", 'red'))
+                                detail = f"采集卡{idx}:{name}\n抓到帧但图像尺寸异常 ({w}x{h})"
+                                texts_to_draw.append((center_x, center_y, detail, 'red'))
                                 frame_idx += 1
                                 continue
-                            
-                            # 计算缩放比例，留一些边距
                             scale = min(cell_width / w, cell_height / h, 1.0) * 0.85
                             new_w = max(1, int(w * scale))
                             new_h = max(1, int(h * scale))
-                            
-                            # 确保缩放后的尺寸有效
                             if new_w <= 0 or new_h <= 0:
-                                texts_to_draw.append((center_x, center_y, f"{name}\n缩放失败", 'red'))
+                                detail = f"采集卡{idx}:{name}\n缩放计算异常 ({w}x{h})"
+                                texts_to_draw.append((center_x, center_y, detail, 'red'))
                                 frame_idx += 1
                                 continue
-
-                            # 调试输出（仅前几次，避免刷屏）
-                            if frame_idx == 0 and len(images_to_draw) == 0:
-                                self.debug_count += 1
-                                if self.debug_count <= 3:  # 只打印前3次
-                                    print(f"🔍 预览调试 #{self.debug_count}:")
-                                    print(f"   配置尺寸: {current_preview_width}x{current_preview_height}")
-                                    print(f"   实际画布: {canvas_width}x{canvas_height}")
-                                    print(f"   单元格大小: {cell_width}x{cell_height}")
-                                    print(f"   原始帧: {w}x{h}")
-                                    print(f"   缩放后: {new_w}x{new_h}")
-
-                            resized_frame = cv2.resize(frame, (new_w, new_h))
-                            
-                            # 转换为PIL图像
-                            # 确保颜色通道正确（BGR -> RGB）
-                            if len(resized_frame.shape) == 3 and resized_frame.shape[2] == 3:
-                                resized_frame = cv2.cvtColor(resized_frame, cv2.COLOR_BGR2RGB)
+                            display_frame = frame
+                            if len(display_frame.shape) == 3 and display_frame.shape[2] == 3:
+                                display_frame = cv2.cvtColor(display_frame, cv2.COLOR_BGR2RGB)
+                            resized_frame = cv2.resize(display_frame, (new_w, new_h))
                             pil_image = Image.fromarray(resized_frame)
                             photo = ImageTk.PhotoImage(image=pil_image)
-                            
-                            # 保存引用（按索引保存，方便查找）
-                            self.photo_objects[idx] = photo
-                            
-                            # 添加到绘制列表（在列表中保存引用，防止GC）
-                            images_to_draw.append((photo, center_x, center_y, idx))
+                            if not hasattr(self, 'photo_refs'):
+                                self.photo_refs = {}
+                            self.photo_refs[idx] = photo
+                            canvas.create_image(center_x, center_y, image=photo, anchor='center')
+                            canvas.update()  # 保证实时刷新
+                            print(f'[DEBUG] UI idx={idx}, 绘制photo id={id(photo)}, photo_refs={len(self.photo_refs)}')
+                            images_to_draw.append((photo, center_x, center_y))
                             texts_to_draw.append((center_x, y + 15, name, 'white'))
-                            
                             frame_idx += 1
                         except Exception as e:
-                            # 忽略pyimage相关错误，避免刷屏
-                            if "pyimage" not in str(e).lower():
-                                print(f"处理帧 {idx} 错误: {e}")
-                                import traceback
-                                traceback.print_exc()
-                            # 如果处理失败，显示等待提示
-                            texts_to_draw.append((center_x, center_y, f"{name}\n处理失败", 'red'))
+                            errstr = str(e)
+                            detail = f"采集卡{idx}:{name}\n帧处理异常：{errstr}"
+                            print(f'[DEBUG] idx={idx}, 帧处理异常：{errstr}')
+                            texts_to_draw.append((center_x, center_y, detail, 'red'))
                             frame_idx += 1
                     else:
-                        # 显示等待提示
-                        texts_to_draw.append((center_x, center_y, f"{name}\n等待画面...", 'gray'))
+                        detail = f"采集卡{idx}:{name}\n抓取失败/暂无画面"
+                        print(f'[DEBUG] idx={idx} 依然无可用帧，最终显示错误提示')
+                        texts_to_draw.append((center_x, center_y, detail, 'red'))
                         frame_idx += 1
                 
-                # 先收集所有photo对象到列表中，确保引用不丢失
-                photos_current_frame = []
+                # 清空画布
+                canvas.delete("all")
                 
                 # 先绘制所有图像（底层）
-                if self.debug_count <= 3:
-                    print(f"📊 绘制状态: {len(images_to_draw)} 个图像, {len(texts_to_draw)} 个文本, 画布={canvas_width}x{canvas_height}")
+                if images_to_draw and self.debug_count <= 3:
+                    log_throttle("draw_prepare", 2.0, f"✅ 准备绘制 {len(images_to_draw)} 个图像到画布 ({canvas_width}x{canvas_height})")
                     
-                if images_to_draw:
-                    # 删除旧的文本和分割线，但保留图像项（这样PhotoImage引用不会被释放）
-                    # 只删除文本项和线条项
-                    for item_id in list(canvas.find_all()):
-                        item_tags = canvas.gettags(item_id)
-                        item_type = canvas.type(item_id)
-                        # 删除文本和线条，保留图像
-                        if item_type in ['text', 'line']:
-                            try:
-                                canvas.delete(item_id)
-                            except:
-                                pass
-                    
-                    # 现在更新或创建图像项
-                    for i, item in enumerate(images_to_draw):
-                        if len(item) == 4:
-                            photo, x, y, idx = item
-                        else:
-                            photo, x, y = item[:3]
-                            idx = None
-                            
-                        try:
-                            # 确保坐标在画布范围内
-                            if 0 <= x <= canvas_width and 0 <= y <= canvas_height:
-                                # 先保存引用到列表（防止GC）
-                                photos_current_frame.append(photo)
-                                
-                                # 更新或创建图像项
-                                if idx in self.canvas_image_items:
-                                    # 更新现有图像项
-                                    try:
-                                        item_id = self.canvas_image_items[idx]
-                                        canvas.coords(item_id, x, y)
-                                        canvas.itemconfig(item_id, image=photo)
-                                        if self.debug_count <= 3 and i == 0:
-                                            print(f"   更新图像 #{i} (idx={idx}) 到位置 ({x}, {y})")
-                                    except:
-                                        # 如果更新失败，删除旧的并创建新的
-                                        try:
-                                            canvas.delete(self.canvas_image_items[idx])
-                                        except:
-                                            pass
-                                        item_id = canvas.create_image(x, y, image=photo, anchor='center')
-                                        self.canvas_image_items[idx] = item_id
-                                        if self.debug_count <= 3 and i == 0:
-                                            print(f"   重新创建图像 #{i} (idx={idx}) 到位置 ({x}, {y})")
-                                else:
-                                    # 创建新图像项
-                                    item_id = canvas.create_image(x, y, image=photo, anchor='center')
-                                    self.canvas_image_items[idx] = item_id
-                                    if self.debug_count <= 3 and i == 0:
-                                        print(f"   创建图像 #{i} (idx={idx}) 到位置 ({x}, {y})")
-                            else:
-                                if self.debug_count <= 3:
-                                    print(f"   ⚠️ 图像 #{i} 位置 ({x}, {y}) 超出画布范围")
-                        except Exception as e:
-                            error_msg = str(e).lower()
-                            print(f"   ❌ 绘制图像 #{i} 时出错: {type(e).__name__}: {e}")
-                            import traceback
-                            traceback.print_exc()
-                    
-                    # 删除不再存在的图像项
-                    current_indices = set(idx for item in images_to_draw if len(item) >= 4 for idx in [item[3]])
-                    for idx in list(self.canvas_image_items.keys()):
-                        if idx not in current_indices:
-                            try:
-                                canvas.delete(self.canvas_image_items[idx])
-                                del self.canvas_image_items[idx]
-                            except:
-                                pass
-                    
-                    # 保存当前帧的所有photo引用
-                    self.photo_objects_list = photos_current_frame[:]
-                else:
-                    # 如果没有图像，清空所有并显示提示
-                    canvas.delete("all")
-                    self.canvas_image_items.clear()
-                    if self.debug_count <= 3:
-                        print("   ⚠️ 没有图像可绘制")
-                    canvas.create_text(
-                        canvas_width // 2, 
-                        canvas_height // 2, 
-                        text="等待画面...\n\n如果长时间无画面，请检查：\n1. 采集卡是否正常工作\n2. 配置是否正确", 
-                        fill='yellow', 
-                        font=('Arial', 14),
-                        justify=tk.CENTER
-                    )
+                for photo, x, y in images_to_draw:
+                    try:
+                        # PhotoImage强引用，防止被GC
+                        if not hasattr(self, 'photo_refs'):
+                            self.photo_refs = {}
+                        self.photo_refs[idx] = photo
+                        canvas.create_image(x, y, image=photo, anchor='center')
+                        canvas.update()  # 保证实时刷新
+                        print(f'[DEBUG] idx={idx}, photo id={id(photo)}, photo refs={len(self.photo_refs)}')
+                    except Exception as e:
+                        if "pyimage" not in str(e).lower():
+                            log_throttle("draw_image_error", 2.0, f"绘制图像错误: {e}")
                 
                 # 再绘制所有文本（上层）
                 for x, y, text, color in texts_to_draw:
                     try:
-                        if 0 <= x <= canvas_width and 0 <= y <= canvas_height:
-                            if color == 'white':
-                                canvas.create_text(x, y, text=text, fill=color, font=('Arial', 10, 'bold'))
-                            else:
-                                canvas.create_text(x, y, text=text, fill=color, font=('Arial', 10))
+                        if color == 'white':
+                            canvas.create_text(x, y, text=text, fill=color, font=('Arial', 10, 'bold'))
+                        else:
+                            canvas.create_text(x, y, text=text, fill=color, font=('Arial', 10))
                     except Exception as e:
-                        print(f"绘制文本错误: {e}")
-                
-                # 绘制更新时间提示（右上角）
-                try:
-                    import datetime
-                    update_time = datetime.datetime.now().strftime("%H:%M:%S")
-                    canvas.create_text(
-                        canvas_width - 10, 15,
-                        text=f"最后更新: {update_time}",
-                        fill='gray',
-                        font=('Arial', 8),
-                        anchor='ne'
-                    )
-                except:
-                    pass
-                
-                # 强制更新画布显示
-                canvas.update_idletasks()
+                        log_throttle("draw_text_error", 2.0, f"绘制文本错误: {e}")
                 
                 # 绘制分割线，区分不同的采集卡窗口
                 try:
                     # 绘制垂直分割线（列之间的分割线）
-                    for col in range(1, current_columns):
+                    for col in range(1, columns):
                         x = col * cell_width
                         canvas.create_line(
                             x, 0, 
@@ -490,7 +396,7 @@ class PreviewWindow:
                         )
                     
                     # 绘制水平分割线（行之间的分割线）
-                    for row in range(1, current_rows):
+                    for row in range(1, rows):
                         y = row * cell_height
                         canvas.create_line(
                             0, y,
@@ -500,31 +406,25 @@ class PreviewWindow:
                             dash=(5, 5)  # 虚线效果
                         )
                 except Exception as e:
-                    print(f"绘制分割线错误: {e}")
+                    log_throttle("draw_grid_error", 2.0, f"绘制分割线错误: {e}")
                         
             except Exception as e:
-                print(f"更新帧错误: {e}")
+                log_throttle("update_frame_error", 1.0, f"更新帧错误: {e}")
                 import traceback
                 traceback.print_exc()
-            # 每1秒检查一次是否有新截图（截图在另一个线程每5秒更新）
-            root.after(1000, update_frames_once)
+            # 每5秒更新一次
+            root.after(5000, update_frames_once)
         
         def on_canvas_click(event):
             """点击画布事件"""
-            # 重新读取配置以获取最新的columns和rows
-            config_manager.load_config()
-            display = config_manager.config.get('display', {})
-            click_columns = display.get('preview_columns', 2)
-            click_rows = display.get('preview_rows', 2)
-            
-            window_width = root.winfo_width() if root.winfo_width() > 1 else preview_width
-            window_height = root.winfo_height() if root.winfo_height() > 1 else preview_height
-            cell_width = window_width // click_columns
-            cell_height = window_height // click_rows
+            window_width = root.winfo_width()
+            window_height = root.winfo_height()
+            cell_width = window_width // columns
+            cell_height = window_height // rows
             
             col = int(event.x // cell_width)
             row = int(event.y // cell_height)
-            index = row * click_columns + col
+            index = row * columns + col
             
             # 找到对应的配置
             if index < len(self.caps):
@@ -557,144 +457,128 @@ class PreviewWindow:
             root.destroy()
         
         root.protocol("WM_DELETE_WINDOW", on_closing)
-        root.mainloop()
+        # 仅在独立窗口（无master）时进入事件循环
+        if master is None:
+            root.mainloop()
     
     def show_large_window(self, idx):
-        """显示大窗口（实时显示指定采集卡）"""
-        if self.large_window is not None and self.large_window.winfo_exists():
-            self.large_window.destroy()
+        """显示指定采集卡的大窗口（可多实例）"""
+        # 如果已存在该索引窗口，先销毁再创建，确保刷新
+        if idx in self.large_windows and self.large_windows[idx].winfo_exists():
+            try:
+                self.large_windows[idx].destroy()
+            except Exception:
+                pass
         
-        self.large_window = tk.Toplevel()
-        self.large_window.title(f"放大视图 - {self.caps[idx]['name']} (实时)")
-        self.large_window.geometry("1280x720")
+        win = tk.Toplevel()
+        win.title(f"放大视图 - {self.caps[idx]['name']}")
+        win.geometry("1280x720")
+        self.large_windows[idx] = win
         
-        canvas = Canvas(self.large_window, bg='black')
+        canvas = Canvas(win, bg='black')
         canvas.pack(fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True)
         
         photo_obj = {}
-        canvas_image_item = None  # 保存canvas中的图像项ID
         
         def update_large_once():
-            if not self.running or not self.large_window.winfo_exists():
+            if not self.running or not win.winfo_exists():
                 return
             try:
-                # 从采集卡实时读取帧（不依赖截图）
-                if idx not in self.caps:
+                window_width = win.winfo_width() if win.winfo_width() > 1 else 1280
+                window_height = win.winfo_height() if win.winfo_height() > 1 else 720
+                
+                if idx in self.frames and self.frames[idx] is not None:
+                    frame = self.frames[idx]
+                    h, w = frame.shape[:2]
+                    scale = min(window_width / w, window_height / h)
+                    new_w = int(w * scale)
+                    new_h = int(h * scale)
+                    resized_frame = cv2.resize(frame, (new_w, new_h))
+                    if len(resized_frame.shape) == 3 and resized_frame.shape[2] == 3:
+                        resized_frame = cv2.cvtColor(resized_frame, cv2.COLOR_BGR2RGB)
+                    pil_image = Image.fromarray(resized_frame)
+                    photo = ImageTk.PhotoImage(image=pil_image)
+                    photo_obj['img'] = photo
                     canvas.delete("all")
-                    canvas.create_text(
-                        640, 360,
-                        text="采集卡已断开", 
-                        fill='red', 
-                        font=('Arial', 16)
-                    )
-                    self.large_window.after(1000, update_large_once)
-                    return
-                
-                cap = self.caps[idx]['cap']
-                ret, frame = cap.read()
-                
-                # 获取窗口大小
-                window_width = self.large_window.winfo_width() if self.large_window.winfo_width() > 1 else 1280
-                window_height = self.large_window.winfo_height() if self.large_window.winfo_height() > 1 else 720
-                
-                if ret and frame is not None:
-                    # 裁剪到配置的区域
-                    height, width = frame.shape[:2]
-                    crop_top = 30
-                    crop_bottom = min(crop_top + 720, height)
-                    crop_width = min(1280, width)
-                    
-                    # 确保裁剪范围有效
-                    if crop_bottom > crop_top and crop_width > 0:
-                        frame = frame[crop_top:crop_bottom, 0:crop_width]
-                        
-                        # 转换颜色空间
-                        frame_rgb = cv2.cvtColor(frame, cv2.COLOR_BGR2RGB)
-                        h, w = frame_rgb.shape[:2]
-
-                        # 调整到窗口大小
-                        scale = min(window_width / w, window_height / h)
-                        new_w = int(w * scale)
-                        new_h = int(h * scale)
-
-                        resized_frame = cv2.resize(frame_rgb, (new_w, new_h))
-                        pil_image = Image.fromarray(resized_frame)
-                        photo = ImageTk.PhotoImage(image=pil_image)
-                        # 保存引用到字典，确保不被GC
-                        photo_obj['img'] = photo
-
-                        # 更新或创建图像项
-                        if canvas_image_item is not None:
-                            try:
-                                # 更新现有图像项
-                                canvas.coords(canvas_image_item, window_width // 2, window_height // 2)
-                                canvas.itemconfig(canvas_image_item, image=photo)
-                            except:
-                                # 如果更新失败，删除旧的并创建新的
-                                try:
-                                    canvas.delete(canvas_image_item)
-                                except:
-                                    pass
-                                canvas_image_item = canvas.create_image(
-                                    window_width // 2, 
-                                    window_height // 2, 
-                                    image=photo, 
-                                    anchor='center'
-                                )
-                        else:
-                            # 创建新图像项
-                            canvas.delete("all")  # 首次创建时清空
-                            canvas_image_item = canvas.create_image(
-                                window_width // 2, 
-                                window_height // 2, 
-                                image=photo, 
-                                anchor='center'
-                            )
-                    else:
-                        canvas.delete("all")
-                        canvas.create_text(
-                            window_width // 2, 
-                            window_height // 2, 
-                            text="裁剪参数无效", 
-                            fill='red', 
-                            font=('Arial', 16)
-                        )
+                    canvas.create_image(window_width // 2, window_height // 2, image=photo, anchor='center')
                 else:
-                    # 显示等待提示
                     canvas.delete("all")
-                    canvas_image_item = None
+                    # 显示更详细的调试信息
+                    debug_text = f"等待画面...\n采集卡: {idx}\n帧状态: {idx in self.frames}\n"
+                    if idx in self.frames:
+                        debug_text += f"帧数据: {self.frames[idx] is not None}"
+                    else:
+                        debug_text += "帧数据: 未初始化"
                     canvas.create_text(
-                        window_width // 2, 
-                        window_height // 2, 
-                        text="等待画面...", 
-                        fill='gray', 
-                        font=('Arial', 16)
+                        window_width // 2,
+                        window_height // 2,
+                        text=debug_text,
+                        fill='gray',
+                        font=('Arial', 12),
+                        justify='center'
                     )
             except Exception as e:
-                if "pyimage" not in str(e).lower():  # 忽略pyimage错误，避免刷屏
-                    print(f"更新大窗口错误: {e}")
-            # 约30fps，实时显示
-            self.large_window.after(33, update_large_once)
+                if "pyimage" not in str(e).lower():
+                    log_throttle("large_update_error", 1.0, f"更新大窗口错误: {e}")
+            # 放大視窗維持原本高頻刷新
+            win.after(33, update_large_once)
 
-        self.large_window.after(33, update_large_once)
+        win.after(33, update_large_once)
+
+        def on_close():
+            try:
+                if idx in self.large_windows:
+                    del self.large_windows[idx]
+            finally:
+                win.destroy()
+        win.protocol("WM_DELETE_WINDOW", on_close)
     
-    def run(self):
-        """运行预览"""
+    def run(self, master=None):
+        """运行预览，支持主Tk弹窗模式"""
         self.init_cameras()
-        
+
         if not self.caps:
-            # 如果没有加载任何采集卡，仍然显示窗口并显示错误信息
             print("⚠️ 没有可用的采集卡，将显示错误提示窗口")
-        
-        # 启动捕获线程
+
+        display = self.config.get('display', {})
+        multi_window = bool(display.get('preview_multi_window', False))
+
         if self.caps:
             capture_thread = threading.Thread(target=self.capture_frames, daemon=True)
             capture_thread.start()
-        
-        # 创建并显示网格窗口
-        import time
-        time.sleep(0.5)  # 等待几帧
-        self.create_grid_window()
+            import time
+            time.sleep(0.5)
+
+        if multi_window:
+            root = tk.Toplevel(master) if master else tk.Tk()
+            root.title("采集卡预览 - 多窗口模式")
+            root.geometry("300x80")
+            tk.Label(root, text="已打开多窗口预览，可单独拖动/调整大小").pack(pady=20)
+            print("等待采集卡初始化...")
+            max_wait = 50
+            wait_count = 0
+            while wait_count < max_wait and not any(frame is not None for frame in self.frames.values()):
+                time.sleep(0.1)
+                wait_count += 1
+            if wait_count >= max_wait:
+                print("⚠️ 采集卡初始化超时，可能无法显示画面")
+            for idx in list(self.caps.keys()):
+                print(f"打开采集卡 {idx} 的预览窗口...")
+                self.show_large_window(idx)
+            def on_root_close():
+                self.running = False
+                for data in self.caps.values():
+                    data['cap'].release()
+                try:
+                    root.destroy()
+                except Exception:
+                    pass
+            root.protocol("WM_DELETE_WINDOW", on_root_close)
+            # 仅在独立窗口（无master）时进入事件循环
+            if master is None:
+                root.mainloop()
+        else:
+            self.create_grid_window(master)
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":
     preview = PreviewWindow()

utils/get_image.py

@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@ import time
 
 from PIL import Image
 import cv2
+from utils.logger import logger, throttle
+import logging
 # class GetImage:
 #     def __init__(self, cam_index=0, width=1920, height=1080):
 #         self.cap = cv2.VideoCapture(cam_index,cv2.CAP_DSHOW)
@@ -63,7 +65,7 @@ except Exception:
 
 class GetImage:
     def __init__(self, cam_index=0, width=1920, height=1080):
-        print(f"🔧 正在初始化采集卡 {cam_index}...")
+        logger.info(f"🔧 正在初始化采集卡 {cam_index}...")
         self.cap = None
         self.frame = None
         self.running = True
@@ -96,7 +98,7 @@ class GetImage:
                         # 测试读取一帧
                         ret, test_frame = self.cap.read()
                         if ret and test_frame is not None:
-                            print(f"✅ 采集卡 {cam_index} 打开成功")
+                            logger.info(f"✅ 采集卡 {cam_index} 打开成功")
                             break
                         else:
                             self.cap.release()
@@ -114,12 +116,8 @@ class GetImage:
             sys.stderr = old_stderr
         
         if self.cap is None or not self.cap.isOpened():
-            print(f"❌ 无法打开采集卡 {cam_index}")
-            print("请检查：")
-            print("  1. 采集卡是否正确连接")
-            print("  2. 采集卡索引是否正确（尝试扫描采集卡）")
-            print("  3. 采集卡驱动是否安装")
-            print("  4. 采集卡是否被其他程序占用")
+            logger.error(f"❌ 无法打开采集卡 {cam_index}")
+            logger.error("请检查：\n  1. 采集卡是否正确连接\n  2. 采集卡索引是否正确（尝试扫描采集卡）\n  3. 采集卡驱动是否安装\n  4. 采集卡是否被其他程序占用")
             self.cap = None
             return
         
@@ -130,9 +128,9 @@ class GetImage:
             # 实际获取设置后的分辨率
             actual_width = int(self.cap.get(cv2.CAP_PROP_FRAME_WIDTH))
             actual_height = int(self.cap.get(cv2.CAP_PROP_FRAME_HEIGHT))
-            print(f"   分辨率设置: {width}x{height} -> 实际: {actual_width}x{actual_height}")
+            logger.info(f"   分辨率设置: {width}x{height} -> 实际: {actual_width}x{actual_height}")
         except Exception as e:
-            print(f"⚠️ 设置分辨率失败: {e}")
+            logger.warning(f"⚠️ 设置分辨率失败: {e}")
         
         # 启动更新线程
         threading.Thread(target=self.update, daemon=True).start()
@@ -140,7 +138,7 @@ class GetImage:
         # 等待几帧确保采集卡正常工作
         import time
         time.sleep(1.0)
-        print(f"✅ 采集卡 {cam_index} 初始化完成")
+        logger.info(f"✅ 采集卡 {cam_index} 初始化完成")
 
     def update(self):
         while self.running and self.cap is not None:
@@ -148,12 +146,14 @@ class GetImage:
                 ret, frame = self.cap.read()
                 if ret and frame is not None:
                     self.frame = frame
+                    # 限制读取频率，避免占满CPU
+                    time.sleep(0.008)
                 else:
                     # 读取失败时不打印，避免刷屏
-                    pass
+                    time.sleep(0.02)
             except Exception as e:
                 # 只在异常时打印错误
-                print(f"⚠️ 采集卡 {self.cam_index} 读取异常: {e}")
+                throttle(f"cap_read_err_{self.cam_index}", 2.0, logging.WARNING, f"⚠️ 采集卡 {self.cam_index} 读取异常: {e}")
                 import time
                 time.sleep(0.1)  # 出错时短暂延迟
 
@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ class GetImage:
             im_PIL = Image.fromarray(im_opencv)
             return [im_opencv, im_PIL]
         except Exception as e:
-            print(f"⚠️ 图像处理错误: {e}")
+            throttle(f"img_proc_err_{self.cam_index}", 2.0, logging.WARNING, f"⚠️ 图像处理错误: {e}")
             return None
 
     def release(self):

utils/logger.py

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+import logging
+import sys
+import time
+from typing import Dict
+
+# 基础logger配置（控制台输出）
+_logger = logging.getLogger("huojv")
+if not _logger.handlers:
+    _logger.setLevel(logging.INFO)
+    handler = logging.StreamHandler(sys.stdout)
+    fmt = logging.Formatter(fmt='[%(asctime)s] %(levelname)s %(message)s', datefmt='%H:%M:%S')
+    handler.setFormatter(fmt)
+    _logger.addHandler(handler)
+
+# 简单的节流打印：同一个key在interval秒内只打印一次
+_last_log_times: Dict[str, float] = {}
+
+def throttle(key: str, interval_sec: float, level: int, msg: str):
+    now = time.time()
+    last = _last_log_times.get(key, 0.0)
+    if now - last >= interval_sec:
+        _last_log_times[key] = now
+        _logger.log(level, msg)
+
+# 对外暴露
+logger = _logger

utils/shizi.py

@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ def tiaozhan(image):
 
 
 def tuichu(image):
-    image = image[24:58, 569:669]
+    image = image[36:58, 560:669]
     image = cv2.cvtColor(image, cv2.COLOR_RGB2BGR)
     # 将裁剪后的图像编码成二进制格式
     _, img_encoded = cv2.imencode('.png', image)